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With the aim to secure three years of funding, this proposal highlighted the accomplishments of the Institute for the Study of Health and Society (ISHS).

Plans for Earth Day April 22, 1970 were conceptualized during its conference, The Environment on the Developing Professional:

“A number of local coalitions were also formed to educate the public and, in some cases, to bring actions against polluters…” A second conference, “The Population Explosion and the Developing Professional” was held November 1969 – page 6

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The US Navy’s 1968 “Project Sanguine,” proposed to build the world’s largest antenna at the time. Buried in a grid pattern underneath the 26 northern counties of Wisconsin–among other sites–it would transmit low frequency radio waves to aid communication between nuclear naval submarines.

As evident in the October 23, 1969 Congressional Record, Senator Gaylord Nelson was opposed to project in his home state of Wisconsin, citing environmental concerns. This document, along with letters and newspaper clippings, were collected by scientist Mathilde Krim. Krim owned property at a proposed antenna site in Llano County, Texas and also opposed the project, which never found fruition.

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This ISHS work mentions conferences sponsored in 1969 leading to Earth Day and its follow-up program “After the Teach-in.”

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Letters between Mathilde Krim and Senator Gaylord Nelson regarding Sanguine transmitter
April-May, 1973
Mathilde Krim papers

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This newsletter documents the ISHS’s Advanced Studies Program, which was comprised of task forces in health services delivery, environmental control, population, and information services, and was funded by the federal Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.

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The year following Earth Day, President Nixon not only created the Environmental Protection Agency, but also called for a national health strategy to address rising health care by focusing on preventative care and health education.